论文

本文是面向业务流程中长时间运行、有状态、多步生成式 AI 系统的基于图的工作流路径实践指南，并通过三个可执行示例展示类型化状态、条件路由、确定性工具、重试、中断、检查点与 trace 如何协同工作。This paper is a practitioner guide to graph-based workflow pathways for long-running, stateful, multi-step generative AI systems in business processes and presents three executable recipes to show how typed state, conditional routing, deterministic tools, retries, interrupts, checkpoints, and traces fit together.

本文提出 RF-Agent，通过多 Agent 的 Question-Thinking-Solution-Answer 流水线，基于教材驱动的知识蒸馏来弥补 RF 领域专用推理的空白，为面向 LLM 辅助 RF 电路设计的未来工作提供了可复用的基础。RF-Agent is presented, which addresses the gap in domain-specific RF reasoning through textbook-driven knowledge distillation through a multi-agent Question-Thinking-Solution-Answer pipeline and provides a reusable foundation for future work on LLM-aided RF circuit design.

EduPanel 是一个基于评分量表、以学习者为条件的 LLM 评判器，通过在多个专用 agent 间分解评估流程，对教学质量的各个方面产出可解释的评估结果，其可靠性与中等水平的人类专家相当。E EduPanel, a rubric-grounded, learner-conditioned LLM judge that decomposes evaluation across specialized agents to produce interpretable assessments for different aspects of teaching quality, achieves reliability comparable to a median human expert.

人类视觉是一个闭环：注视点不断被中间假设而非单一快照持续重定向。数十年的心理物理学与认知科学研究表明，主动观察对多种任务至关重要。当代多模态大语言模型 (MLLM) 是否进行主动观察，是一个现有视觉语言基准无法回答的经验问题。我们提出 ActiveVision，一个使 MLLM 主动观察可度量的基准，包含 3 个类别共 17 个任务，任务设计强制进行重复视觉感知……Human vision is a closed loop: gaze is continuously redirected by intermediate hypotheses rather than a single snapshot. Decades of psychophysics and cognitive science have argued that this active observation is essential for a wide range of tasks. Whether today's multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exercise active observation is an empirical question that current vision-language benchmarks do not answer. We introduce ActiveVision, a benchmark that makes active observation measurable for MLLMs, comprising 17 tasks across 3 categories. Tasks are designed to force repeated visual perception

本文提出 Anchor-Align，通过两个目标增强 BC：Vision-Language Anchoring 从冻结 VLM 副本中蒸馏逐层表示以防止该漂移；Language-Action Alignment 将每个动作目标转换为离散的运动方向标签，并在同一机器人观测上联合训练语言与动作预测。Anchor-Align is proposed, which augments BC with two objectives: Vision-Language Anchoring distills layer-wise representations from a frozen VLM copy to prevent this drift, and Language-Action Alignment converts each action target into a discrete motion-direction label and jointly trains language and action prediction on the same robot observation.

提出 DocOps，一种确定性可验证的评估框架，基于分层分类法，将受真实实践启发的文档操作分解为原子维度与逐级递增的工作流复杂度，从而揭示 Agent 在维护全局文档一致性方面的能力边界。DocOps is introduced, a deterministically verifiable evaluation framework underpinned by a hierarchical taxonomy that deconstructs document operations inspired by real-world practices into atomic dimensions and escalating workflow complexities that exposes the capability boundaries of agents in maintaining global document consistency.

提出 ENTRAP-VL（ENTRainment Assessment Probe for Vision and Language），一个由人工策展的 1,500 条数据的数据集，涵盖八个类别，按一个跨双轴的分类体系组织，并划分为文本诱发流和视觉诱发流。ENTRAP-VL (ENTRainment Assessment Probe for Vision and Language), a manually curated dataset of 1,500 items across eight categories, organized by a taxonomy that spans two axes and split into a textual-entrainment stream and a visual-entrainment stream, is introduced.

提出 ProVisE（Protocolized Visual Evaluation），一个与基准无关的框架，通过受协议约束的视觉问答从图像生成模型中抽取答案，并将其解析为与原始指标兼容的结构化预测，揭示了像素空间表达与基于文本推理的互补优势。ProVisE (Protocolized Visual Evaluation), a benchmark-agnostic framework that elicits protocol-constrained visual answers from image-generation models and parses them into structured predictions compatible with original metrics, is proposed and revealed, revealing complementary strengths of pixel-space expression and text-based reasoning.

本文提出 K12-KGraph，一个从人民教育出版社官方教材中提取的、与课程对齐的知识图谱，覆盖小学、初中和高中阶段的数学、物理、化学和生物，并由此衍生出 K12-Bench，一个包含 23,640 道题的多选基准，涵盖五类任务族，表明文本监督与视觉监督具有互补性。This work introduces K12-KGraph, a curriculum-aligned knowledge graph extracted from official People's Education Press textbooks in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology across primary, middle, and high school, and derives K12-Bench, a 23,640-question multi-select benchmark with five task families, showing that textual and visual supervision are complementary.

本文设计 Finance-LaTeX SKILL，一个基于专家知识合成复杂版面金融文档的 skill，并提出 FinanceComplexQA，一个全面、贴近真实场景的金融文档开放式生成基准。This work designs Finance-LaTeX SKILL, a skill for synthesizing financial documents with complex layouts based on expert knowledge, and introduces FinanceComplexQA, a comprehensive open-ended generation benchmark for financial documents that closely resembles real-world scenarios.

研究发现，ChatGPT 最成功地被用作数学助手，用于查询事实、充当数学搜索引擎和知识库接口；GPT-4 还可被用于本科水平的数学问题，但在研究生难度的题目上表现不佳。It is found that ChatGPT can be used most successfully as a mathematical assistant for querying facts, acting as a Mathematical search engine and knowledge base interface, and GPT-4 can additionally be used for undergraduate-level mathematics but fails on graduate-level difficulty.

EvalPlus——一个用于严格基准测试 LLM 生成代码功能正确性的代码合成评估框架，通过 LLM 与基于 mutation 的策略驱动的自动测试输入生成器，为给定评估数据集补充大量新生成的测试用例。EvalPlus -- a code synthesis evaluation framework to rigorously benchmark the functional correctness of LLM-synthesized code and augments a given evaluation dataset with large amounts of test-cases newly produced by an automatic test input generator, powered by both LLM and mutation-based strategies.

本研究在 Reachy Mini 机器人平台上，通过系统提示、检索增强生成 (RAG) 和有状态的提示编排，将选定的 KBD 需求落地实现，表明 KBD 可以塑造负责任的机器人行为，并有望提升机器人辅助学习中的学习效果。This study operationalized selected KBD requirements in the Reachy Mini robot platform through system prompting, retrieval-augmented generation, and stateful prompt orchestration, indicating that KBD can shape responsible robot behavior and potentially increase learning effectiveness in robot-supported learning.

提出 DataPrep-Bench，首个统一基准，在共享的下游任务 grounding 协议下，对 LLM 驱动的数据准备在六个领域、多种 base model 上的两类能力进行联合评估。DataPrep-Bench is introduced, the first unified benchmark that jointly evaluates both capabilities under a shared downstream-grounded protocol over six domains and multiple base models of LLM-driven data preparation.

本研究考察是否存在一条实用路径，在没有坐标界面、且无需高成本区域级监督的条件下提升归因效果，并指出了这样一条可行路径。A study investigates whether there is a practical path to improve attribution without a coordinate interface and without costly region-level supervision, and indicates a practical path to improve attribution without a coordinate interface and without costly region-level supervision.

即使 NVIDIA 控制流 ISA 与重汇聚（reconvergence）机制持续演进，Divergence 仍能保持稳定且可预期的性能开销。Divergence retains a stable and predictable performance cost even as NVIDIA's control-flow ISA and reconvergence mechanisms continue to evolve.

本文提出 IndicTalk，目前最大的多语言印度语码混合（code-mixed）会话语料库，包含超过 13,28,604 段事件驱动的多轮对话，覆盖 9 种印度语言的 18 种语言变体，将公开发布以支持低资源印度语多语言会话 AI 的开发与评估。IndicTalk is presented, one of the largest multilingual Indic code-mixed conversational corpora, comprising over 13,28,604 event-grounded multi-turn conversations across 18 language varieties covering 9 Indic languages and will be released to support the development and evaluation of multilingual conversational AI for underrepresented Indic languages.

本文提出 InMind，一项包含 125 个任务、经专家校验、跨越十个生活领域的基准，其中 113 个任务基于可引用的公开来源；本文将此类失效模式命名为 implicit-association blind spot，并提出一种极简诊断探针（diagnostic probe），在 query 到达前保持 memory 可见即可恢复大部分性能差距。This work introduces InMind, a 125-task, expert-verified benchmark spanning ten life domains, with 113 tasks grounded in citable public sources, and calls this failure mode the implicit-association blind spot, and introduces a minimal diagnostic probe that keeps memory visible before the query arrives recovers most of the gap.

PerceptionBench 通过诊断前沿 MLLMs 在 42 项现有基准上响应中的最早失效点，并构建一个感知分支定义十种原子感知能力的错误分类法，为衡量与诊断 MLLMs 视觉感知边界提供了一项能力级（capability-level）标准。PerceptionBench provides a capability-level standard for measuring and diagnosing the visual perception boundaries of MLLMs, by diagnosing the earliest failure points in the responses of frontier MLLMs across 42 existing benchmarks and constructing an error taxonomy whose perception branch defines ten atomic perceptual capabilities.

介绍 RepoReasoner，一个用于评估仓库级代码推理的 benchmark，评估两种互补能力：Output Prediction，衡量跨文件的细粒度、有状态执行推理；Call Chain Prediction，在噪声上下文下评估高层架构依赖理解。RepoReasoner is introduced, a benchmark for evaluating repository-level code reasoning that assesses two complementary abilities: Output Prediction, which measures fine-grained, stateful execution reasoning across files, and Call Chain Prediction, which evaluates high-level architectural dependency understanding under noisy context.

介绍 HANDBOOK_md，一个包含 65 个 agentic 任务的 benchmark，模拟员工遵循公司手册的方式；每项任务对 10 份基础手册之一进行修改，变动评分所依赖的具体规则和阈值，因此没有任何两个任务共享同一套策略。HANDBOOK_md is presented, a benchmark of 65 agentic tasks modeled on how employees follow company handbooks, and every task modifies one of 10 base handbooks, altering the specific rules and thresholds on which grading depends, so no two tasks share the same set of policies.

一项受控的种子干预实验发现，与随机非 gold 上下文相比，由检索得到的初始上下文以更少的后续探索取得更高的文件 F1，而 oracle gold 上下文仍存在可观的提升空间。A controlled seed-intervention pilot finds that retrieval-derived initial context yields higher file F1 with less post-seed exploration than random non-gold context, while oracle gold context shows substantial remaining headroom.

本文介绍 CLBench-V，一个多模态上下文学习 benchmark，围绕三个维度组织任务——上下文 grounding、新信息应用与新知识学习——以解决定位上下文使用失效位置的难题。This work introduces CLBench-V, a benchmark for multimodal context learning that addresses the difficulty of localizing where context use breaks down by organizing tasks around three dimensions: context grounding, new information application, and new knowledge learning.

介绍 StealthBench，一个跨越六个 OPSEC 维度衡量自主攻击性安全 agent 操作隐蔽性的 benchmark，并以公共 benchmark 形式发布，以支持隐蔽感知 agent 的开发及自主攻击性安全部署中的自动化 OPSEC 监控。StealthBench, a benchmark that measures operational stealth in autonomous offensive-security agents across six operational security (OPSEC) dimensions, is introduced and released as a public benchmark to support both the development of stealth-aware agents and automated OPSEC monitoring for autonomous offensive-security deployments.

提出知识对齐的多跳检索器 KAMR，区分受 query 强约束的 anchor triplet 和弱对齐但在结构上与 anchor 相连的 connected triplet，持续提升多跳检索及下游问答性能。A knowledge-aligned multi-hop retriever, KAMR, which distinguishes anchor triplets that are strongly constrained by the query from connected triplets that are weakly aligned yet structurally linked to the anchors, which consistently improves multi-hop retrieval and downstream question answering performance.

提出 SpecFirst，一个两阶段框架，在代码合成前强制进行需求 elicitation，并证明显式需求工程阶段是从零构建程序的有效范式。This work presents SpecFirst, a two-stage framework that forces the specification elicitation before code synthesis, and demonstrates that an explicit requirements-engineering phase is an effective paradigm for from-scratch program construction.

提出 PALATE（Person-Aligned LLM-Simulated-User Assessment with Tailored Evaluation），一个基于用户模拟器的可扩展 RPA benchmark，可针对具体 user-RPA 对给出可解释的评估，避免将系统压缩为单一、与用户无关的排名。PALATE (Person-Aligned LLM-Simulated-User Assessment with Tailored Evaluation with Tailored Evaluation), a scalable RPA benchmark built on user simulators, produces interpretable evaluations of specific user-RPA pairs rather than compressing systems into a single user-independent ranking.

对代表性闭源与开源多模态模型的评测表明，视觉推理强依赖于模型与环境，没有任何单一设置能在所有任务上持续占优。Evaluating representative proprietary and open-source multimodal models, it is found that visual reasoning is strongly model- and environment-dependent, with no single setting consistently dominating across tasks.

教育agentic工程师需要系统性变革而非增量式课程改革：教学必须从产出工件转向对日益自主的社会-技术系统进行判断。It is concluded that educating the agentic engineer requires systemic transformation rather than incremental curricular change: instruction must shift from producing artifacts to exercising judgment over increasingly autonomous socio-technical systems.

LlamaExtract Agentic Plus在三项指标上均排名第一，准确度可与coding agent相媲美而成本仅为其一小部分，是首个同时在大规模下对数值准确性、记录完整性、grounding与实测成本进行打分的方法。LlamaExtract Agentic Plus ranks first on all three metrics, with accuracy comparable to coding agents at a fraction of the cost, and is the first to score value accuracy, record completeness at scale, grounding, and measured cost together.

CAPA通过六种机制刻画个性化编码歧义，并使用受控的三阶段生成流程将这些机制注入无歧义的可执行任务，为开发长期编码助手奠定基础，使其生成的代码更好地对齐用户意图并减少反复澄清。CAPA, which characterizes personalized coding ambiguity through six mechanisms and injects these mechanisms into unambiguous executable tasks using a controlled three-stage generation pipeline, provides a foundation for developing long-term coding assistants that better align generated code with user intent while reducing repeated clarification.

本文提出以交互为中心的分类法，将失败定位到其起源的交互并识别责任组件，将 41 种失败模式归到两个组件之间的边及指示修复归属的故障侧This work introduces an interaction-centric taxonomy that localizes failures to the interactions in which they originate and identifies the responsible component, and organizes 41 failure modes by assigning each to an edge between two components and a fault side indicating where the repair belongs.

提出 PAST-Bench 基准，用于隔离评估持久 agent 从经验保留到系统性改进的能力；开发 Hermes+，提升了来自保留经验的平均增益，并提供更清晰的路径证据。The PAST-Bench benchmark is introduced, a benchmark designed to isolate how persistent agents can progress from retaining experience to systematically improving through it, and Hermes+ is developed, which raises the average gain from retained experience and provides clearer pathway evidence.

提出 AntiSkillBench，一个端到端的基准，用于评估 persona-skill 流水线中的风险与防御；实验表明 persona-skill 风险在不同的 agent backbone 和蒸馏协议下持续存在，从显式属性扩展到沟通风格与个性特征。AntiSkillBench is introduced, an end-to-end benchmark for evaluating risks and defenses across the persona-skill pipeline, and experiments show that persona-skill risks persist across agent backbones and distillation protocols, extending from explicit attributes to communication styles and personality traits.

FinIndices 是一个大规模基准，在未裁剪的财务报表（最长 32K tokens）上评估数据处理保真度，带来显著的零提示增益，验证通过以数据为中心的对齐可部分恢复结构化逻辑。FinIndices is a large-scale benchmark evaluating data-processing fidelity over uncropped financial statements (up to 32K tokens) and yields substantial zero-hint gains, validating that structured logic can be partially restored via data-centric alignment.

提出 ChronoLens，结合冻结的多语言语言模型、特征对齐的 crosscoder 与事后语言学干预，应用于来自五个议会传统、跨越 1803–2026 年的 4498 万篇文档和约 172 亿 tokens，表明历史语言变化是一个结构化的、多维度的过程。ChronoLens is introduced, a framework that combines frozen multilingual language models, feature-aligned crosscoders, and post-hoc linguistic interventions, and applies it to 44.98 million documents and approximately 17.2 billion tokens from five parliamentary traditions spanning 1803--2026, showing that historical language change is a structured, multidimensional process.