论文

介绍 ClawProBench：基于 OpenClaw（具备 workspace 工具及浏览、记忆、消息、调度、skill、subagent 等原生能力的实时 agent 运行时）实例化的 trace-aware、runtime-native agent 评估基准。ClawProBench is presented, a trace-aware benchmark for runtime-native agent evaluation instantiated on OpenClaw, a live agent runtime with workspace tools and native surfaces for browsing, memory, messaging, scheduling, skills, and subagents.

本综述首次以统一框架系统研究智能眼镜，形式化第一人称数据流与受限任务效用，并提出覆盖采集、反应式感知、上下文辅助、持续状态、受控行动与具身耦合的 L0–L5 框架。This survey is the first to systematically study smart glasses through a unified framework, formalizing first-person data flow and constrained task utility, and introducing an L0-L5 framework spanning capture, reactive perception, contextual assistance, persistent state, governed action, and embodied coupling.

介绍 LAION-BVD，面向多模态学习的大规模开放视频数据集，包含从 CommonCrawl 收集的 1.3B 条平台特定视频 URL，并通过抽取场景切换帧，将视频帧作为图文数据的替代来源加以探索。This work presents LAION-BVD, a large-scale open video dataset for multimodal learning, which contains 1.3B platform-specific video URLs collected from CommonCrawl, and explores video frames as an alternative source of image-text data by extracting scene-changing frames.

PlanSightRAG 是一种 Visual-First 多模态 RAG 框架，直接对图纸图像建立索引并进行推理，集成了 ColNomic-3B 多向量检索、Agentic Planner-Retriever-Auditor-Synthesizer，并以 MaxSim 热力图作为证据链。A Visual-First Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework called PlanSightRAG, which indexes and reasons directly over plan imagery, integrates a ColNomic-3B multi-vector retrieval, an agentic Planner-Retriever-Auditor-Synthesizer, and MaxSim heatmaps as an evidence trail.

本文发布 SWE Refactor Bench，一个包含 20 项全仓库迁移的基准，涵盖 4 类技术债务，作为开发面向可靠全仓库迁移的编码 Agent 的严格测试平台。SWE Refactor Bench is introduced, a benchmark comprising 20 whole-repository migrations, covering 4 kinds of technical debt, and SWE Refactor Bench is positioned as a rigorous testbed for developing coding agents for reliable whole-repository migrations.

本文通过多语言 self-play，正交于知识与综合基准性能对跨语言技能不一致性进行量化，表明技能差异是开发真正多语言模型过程中可衡量且主要的障碍。This work quantifies cross-lingual skill inconsistency orthogonally from knowledge and general benchmark performance via multilingual self-play, and shows that skill discrepancies are a measurable major roadblock in the development of truly multilingual models.

计算机使用 Agent 将自然语言指令 grounding 到截图中以定位界面元素，但现有基准无法隔离模型是否将关系语言正确绑定到对应元素。我们提出 GUI-Primitives，一个包含 994 个条目的基准，由跨七种空间关系（左右、上下、包含、对齐、邻近、列表序数、遮挡）的对比指令对组成。每对保持截图和锚点不变，仅改变关系表达，使正确目标在两个指定候选之间切换。五位标注者……Computer-use agents ground natural-language instructions in screenshots to locate interface elements, yet existing benchmarks do not isolate whether models bind relational language to the correct element. We introduce GUI-Primitives, a 994-item benchmark of contrastive instruction pairs over seven spatial relations in graphical user interfaces (left/right, above/below, containment, alignment, proximity, list ordinal, occlusion). Each pair holds the screenshot and anchor fixed while changing the relation expression, so the correct target moves between two designated candidates. Five annotators

提出 EASEL benchmark，用于评估受控的灵巧视觉工具使用，以参考引导的视觉重建为主代理任务：agent 逐步在画布上绘制以匹配参考图像。EASEL is proposed, a benchmark evaluating a controlled instance of dexterous visual tool use that adopts reference-guided visual reconstruction as its primary proxy task: the agent incrementally paints a canvas to match a reference image.

提出 LoopArena，一个用于评估一个模型在长时任务中引导另一个独立 coding agent 能力的 benchmark，并在执行范围与成本各不相同的三个互补设置下评估该能力。This work introduces LoopArena, a benchmark for evaluating how well one model can guide a separate coding agent through a long-running task, and evaluates this ability in three complementary settings that differ in execution scope and cost.

结果表明，广泛的 SFT 带来模型大部分能力提升；当失败检测精准时，turn-local 监督可发挥作用，且观察到的迁移主要集中在同族模型之间。The results suggest that broad SFT brings most of the model's capability improvement; turn-local supervision can be effective when failure detection is precise, with observed transfer concentrated primarily within-family.

提出 MnIST-PRO 基准，将 Agent 感知能力隔离测试：把 MNIST 数字识别转换为带回看约束的序列式 glimpse 搜索任务，并评估了十个多模态模型，结果表明仅获取视觉证据是不够的，Agent 还必须能够构建并更新可靠的感知状态。MnIST-PRO is addressed, a benchmark that isolates agentic perception by converting MNIST digit recognition into a sequential, glimpse-based search task with lookback constraints, and ten multimodal models are evaluated, showing that simply acquiring visual evidence is not enough and agents must also be able to build and update a reliable perceptual state.

提出 MTPaperBananaBench，一个面向多轮图表生成的基准，包含 292 张图像和 3,518 条用户需求标注，并引入 PaperBanana-Interact，一个通过内部 critique-and-refine 循环来优化图表的多智能体系统。MTPaperBananaBench, a benchmark for multi-turn diagram generation containing 292 images annotated with 3,518 user requirements, is presented and PaperBanana-Interact, a multi-agent system that refines diagrams via an internal critique-and-refine loop is introduced.

评估四个 SOTA 模型发现，将角色置于语义无关的上下文中并不会抑制该角色的关联属性；相反，跨角色的属性集中度会上升（合并 BI $+0.047$）。Evaluating four state-of-the-art models finds that placing a role in a semantically unrelated context does not suppress role-linked attributes; instead, cross-role attribute concentration increases (pooled BI $+0.047$).

提出 EvoGenUI-Bench，一个面向多轮界面维护的基准，包含 150 个五轮任务，共计 750 轮，覆盖三种场景：信息呈现、可执行交互和工具驱动的外部状态。EvoGenUI-Bench is introduced, a benchmark for multi-turn interface maintenance comprising 150 five-turn tasks and 750 turns across three scenarios: information presentation, executable interaction, and tool-grounded external state.

本文提出 UI-Venus-2，一个面向移动、Web 和桌面环境的通用 GUI 基础 Agent，采用统一的闭环推理-行动框架，并通过集成安全感知机制来确保关键操作的可控执行。UI-Venus-2 is presented, a general-purpose foundation GUI agent designed to operate across mobile, web, and desktop environments through a unified closed-loop reasoning-action framework that integrates safety-aware mechanisms to ensure controlled execution of consequential actions.

数据驻留约束迫使企业自托管 LLM，但不断引入新模型而不下线旧模型会扩张服务集群，分散有限的 GPU 池。我们通过沿指令遵循、函数调用和内部任务分布三个维度，针对生产错误分析所发现的质量差距，将 200 多个内部应用的流量整合到单一模型上。质量通过按生产流量分层的离线基准进行跟踪，并由确定性验证器或经过校准的 LLM 评判器打分。不同于针对Data-residency constraints force enterprises to self-host LLMs, but continuous adoption of newer models without decommissioning their predecessors expands the serving fleet, fragmenting a finite GPU pool. We consolidate traffic from over 200 internal applications onto a single model by closing quality gaps identified through production error analysis along three axes: instruction following, function-calling, and internal task distribution. Quality is tracked by offline benchmarks stratified to production traffic and scored by deterministic verifiers or calibrated LLM judges. Rather than optimi

本文提出 DramaChain Bench，首个覆盖完整生产链各阶段的短剧基准，并验证最终剧集质量并非仅由视频生成决定。DramaChain Bench is presented, the first short-drama benchmark that evaluates every stage of the complete production chain, and confirms that final episode quality is not governed by video generation alone.

本文提出 agentic data cracking，将非结构化数据自适应、推测性地结构化为推理自身的副产品，是面向非结构化数据上 Agentic reasoning 的下一代数据基础设施的第一步。This work proposes agentic data cracking, a method that structures unstructured data adaptively and speculatively as a byproduct of reasoning itself, a first step toward next-generation data infrastructure for agentic reasoning over unstructured data.

首个系统性研究 LLM-as-a-judge 在工作流 DAG 上对 Agentic 工具调用评判可靠性的基准，区别于面向开放式文本或偏好的通用 LLM-as-a-judge 任务；揭示了当前 LLM judge 的根本局限，并给出面向 Agentic 系统可靠评估的实践指南。The first benchmark to systematically study LLM-as-a-judge reliability for agentic tool-calling over workflow DAGs, as distinct from the broader LLM-as-a-judge task of open-ended text or preference evaluation, exposes fundamental limitations of current LLM judges and yields practical guidelines for reliable evaluation in agentic systems.

研究发现，生成的 harness 在代码与搜索/研究任务上仍显著落后于成熟的人工参考方案，而在写作与机器学习实验任务上达到或超过所选参考方案，且执行成本差异巨大。It is found that generated harnesses remain substantially behind mature human-engineered references on code and on search and research, while matching or exceeding the selected references on writing and machine-learning experimentation, with large variation in execution cost.

本文提出 ASPIRE，面向模糊目标驱动自我演化的基准，表明模糊目标会将搜索资源导向目标解释阶段；并在涵盖 6 类目标的 520 题隐藏专家评测集上评估所得系统。This work introduces ASPIRE, a benchmark for vague-goal-driven self-evolution and shows that vague goals redirect search effort toward goal interpretation, and evaluates the resulting systems on a hidden, expert-authored set of 520 items spanning six goals.

基于实证对 "Enhanced" 与 "Agentic" RAG 范式进行评估，为真实场景中选取最有效的 RAG 设计（兼顾性能与成本）提供指导。An empirically driven evaluation of the "Enhanced" and "Agentic" RAG paradigms is conducted, offering guidance on selecting the most effective RAG design for real-world applications, considering both performance and costs.

这些发现表明，仅识别成功动作并不足够；Agent 还需将反馈转化为可执行且可迁移的策略。本文给出统一框架以诊断该过程，并定位阻碍 Agent 将交互经验转化为可靠自我提升的瓶颈。These findings show that recognizing successful actions is insufficient; agents must also transform feedback into executable and transferable policies, and provide a unified framework for diagnosing this process and identifying the bottlenecks that prevent agents from translating interaction experience into reliable self-improvement.

本文提出 SnapBench——首个面向鲁棒"拍照即问"多模态检索的配对基准，以及一种简单的自适应融合方法 MOOR（Modality-anchored, Outlier-aware, Optimal Reweighting），并指出在"拍照即问"检索中需要具备可靠性感知的模态校准。SnapBench is introduced, the first paired benchmark for robust snap-and-ask multimodal retrieval, and MOOR (Modality-anchored, Outlier-aware, Optimal Reweighting), a simple adaptive fusion approach, highlighting the need for reliability-aware modality calibration in snap-and-ask retrieval.

本研究探讨了相较于标准 LLM 生成方式，RAG 与命名实体识别在多大程度上能提升自动生成通俗摘要的质量、事实一致性及可读性。This study investigates the extent to which Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Named Entity Recognition improve the quality, factual consistency, and readability of automatically generated lay summaries compared with standard LLM-based generation.

本文提出一种知识门控的任务构建协议，将任务指令与一个包含私有约定、参考表与效用算子的紧凑工件分离，并证明被保留的任务能够改善 post-training。A knowledge-gated task-construction protocol is introduced that separates a task instruction from a compact artefact containing private conventions, reference tables, and utility operators, and it is shown that the retained tasks improve post-training.

提出 The Last Translation Benchmark，一组由人工编写并经同行评审的样本，可打破领先的机器翻译模型，并提出新评估方法：每个样本附带手工编写的验证规则，描述该样本上的具体失败案例，从而支持可靠且可操作的未来评估。The Last Translation Benchmark is introduced, a collection of human-authored and peer-reviewed examples that break leading machine translation models and a new evaluation approach: each example comes with handcrafted verification rules describing concrete failure cases on that example, therefore allowing reliable and actionable future evaluation.

该工作提出了 OR-Clarify，一个用于预表述澄清的 benchmark，并提出了 Interactive Optimization (InterOPT)，这是一个两阶段框架，能识别未解决的、影响表述的关键缺口，并据此引导系统决定是提出下一个问题还是停止提问。This work introduces OR-Clarify, a benchmark for pre-formulation clarification and proposes Interactive Optimization (InterOPT), a two-stage framework that identifies unresolved formulation-critical gaps and uses them to guide whether to ask the next question or to stop.

提出了 τ^τ-bench（读作 hyper-tau-bench），一个将 Agent 构建作为任务的 benchmark，将协作式 Agent 构建工作转化为面向 coding agent 的可度量目标。The $\tau^\tau$-bench (pronounced hyper-tau-bench), a benchmark that makes agent construction the task, is introduced to turn the work of cooperative agent building into a measurable target for coding agents.

提出 KoNA，一个评估 VLM 选择性不遵从的基准，覆盖五类情形：False Premise、Visual Inaccessibility、Universal Unknown、Task Feasibility 与 Safety。实验结果显示，微调后的模型能够区分可回答部分与需要不遵从的部分，并以符合任务要求的方式作答。KoNA is introduced, a benchmark for evaluating selective non-compliance in VLMs across five categories: False Premise, Visual Inaccessibility, Universal Unknown, Task Feasibility, and Safety, and results suggest that the fine-tuned models can distinguish between answerable components and those requiring non-compliance and respond in a task-appropriate manner.

HarvestBench 是首个为避免 side effect 标定价格并将 side effect 命名为生物的 benchmark；在六个模型中有四个的每次作答遭遇 kill rate 对价格变化敏感。HarvestBench is the first benchmark to put a price on avoiding a side effect and name the side effect as a living creature and four out of six models'kill rate per answered encounter were sensitive to price changes.

本文发布大规模机器人操控数据集与基准，用于诊断 VLA 模型的具身推理能力，并将 RoboSPA 确立为面向更强、更可靠、更具泛化性具身 Agent 的挑战性诊断基准。A large-scale robotic manipulation dataset and benchmark for diagnosing embodied reasoning in VLA models, and establishes RoboSPA as a challenging diagnostic benchmark for developing more capable, reliable, and generalizable embodied agents.

提出一个自演化 Agent 框架，通过识别 Agent 轨迹中不稳定、低一致性的步骤并将其转化为情节记忆，以供后续运行调用，从而缩小一致性 gap。This work presents a self-evolving agent framework that reduces the consistency gap by identifying unstable, low-consistency steps in agent trajectories and converting them into episodic memory the agent can draw on in future runs.

VDiff-Bench 提供一个针对性诊断基准，用于评估 MLLM 的比较视觉理解能力，揭示标准单图视觉-语言任务无法捕捉的失败模式。VDiff-Bench provides a targeted diagnostic for evaluating comparative visual understanding in MLLMs, exposing failures that are not captured by standard single-image vision-language tasks.

提出 EvoHarnessBench，一个在工具、技能与 Agent 三个维度上对可控 harness 演化条件下的 Agent 进行评测的 benchmark，并将 harness 演化确立为一项独立挑战：Agent 需要在持续演化的 harness 下保持原有有效行为EvoHarnessBench is introduced, a benchmark for evaluating agents under controlled harness evolution across three axes (tools, skills, and agents), and establishes harness evolution as a distinct challenge for building agents that can keep pace with an evolving harness while preserving previously effective behavior.

AgentAudit 沿能力、接地性、安全与行为四个方面的十个维度评估完整执行轨迹——即指令完整性、规划器、记忆、工具选择、工具调用、工具正确性、对齐、工具忠实性、安全性与执行完整性——以精确定位导致观察到的失败的具体阶段。AgentAudit evaluates the entire execution trace across ten capability, grounding, security and behavioural dimensions, namely instruction integrity, planner, memory, tool selection, tool invocation, tool correctness, alignment, tool faithfulness, security and execution integrity, to pinpoint the exact stage responsible for an observed failure.